| fligner.test {stats} | R Documentation |
Performs a Fligner-Killeen (median) test of the null that the variances in each of the groups (samples) are the same.
fligner.test(x, ...) ## Default S3 method: fligner.test(x, g, ...) ## S3 method for class 'formula': fligner.test(formula, data, subset, na.action, ...)
x |
a numeric vector of data values, or a list of numeric data vectors. |
g |
a vector or factor object giving the group for the
corresponding elements of x.
Ignored if x is a list. |
formula |
a formula of the form lhs ~ rhs where lhs
gives the data values and rhs the corresponding groups. |
data |
an optional matrix or data frame (or similar: see
model.frame) containing the variables in the
formula formula. By default the variables are taken from
environment(formula). |
subset |
an optional vector specifying a subset of observations to be used. |
na.action |
a function which indicates what should happen when
the data contain NAs. Defaults to
getOption("na.action"). |
... |
further arguments to be passed to or from methods. |
If x is a list, its elements are taken as the samples to be
compared for homogeneity of variances, and hence have to be numeric
data vectors. In this case, g is ignored, and one can simply
use fligner.test(x) to perform the test. If the samples are
not yet contained in a list, use fligner.test(list(x, ...)).
Otherwise, x must be a numeric data vector, and g must
be a vector or factor object of the same length as x giving the
group for the corresponding elements of x.
The Fligner-Killeen (median) test has been determined in a simulation study as one of the many tests for homogeneity of variances which is most robust against departures from normality, see Conover, Johnson & Johnson (1981). It is a k-sample simple linear rank which uses the ranks of the absolute values of the centered samples and weights a(i) = qnorm((1 + i/(n+1))/2). The version implemented here uses median centering in each of the samples (F-K:med X^2 in the reference).
A list of class "htest" containing the following components:
statistic |
the Fligner-Killeen:med X^2 test statistic. |
parameter |
the degrees of freedom of the approximate chi-squared distribution of the test statistic. |
p.value |
the p-value of the test. |
method |
the character string
"Fligner-Killeen test of homogeneity of variances". |
data.name |
a character string giving the names of the data. |
William J. Conover & Mark E. Johnson & Myrle M. Johnson (1981). A comparative study of tests for homogeneity of variances, with applications to the outer continental shelf bidding data. Technometrics 23, 351–361.
ansari.test and mood.test for rank-based
two-sample test for a difference in scale parameters;
var.test and bartlett.test for parametric
tests for the homogeneity of variances.
plot(count ~ spray, data = InsectSprays) fligner.test(InsectSprays$count, InsectSprays$spray) fligner.test(count ~ spray, data = InsectSprays) ## Compare this to bartlett.test()