| faces {TeachingDemos} | R Documentation |
faces represent the rows of a data matrix by faces
faces(xy, which.row, fill = FALSE, nrow, ncol, scale = TRUE, byrow = FALSE, main, labels)
xy |
xy data matrix, rows represent individuals and columns attributes |
which.row |
defines a permutation of the rows of the input matrix |
fill |
if(fill==TRUE), only the first nc attributes of the faces are
transformed, nc is the number of columns of xy |
nrow |
number of columns of faces on graphics device |
ncol |
number of rows of faces |
scale |
if(scale==TRUE), attributes will be normalized |
byrow |
if(byrow==TRUE), xy will be transposed |
main |
title |
labels |
character strings to use as names for the faces |
The features paramters of this implementation are:
1-height of face,
2-width of face,
3-shape of face,
4-height of mouth,
5-width of mouth,
6-curve of smile,
7-height of eyes,
8-width of eyes,
9-height of hair,
10-width of hair,
11-styling of hair,
12-height of nose,
13-width of nose,
14-width of ears,
15-height of ears. For details look at the literate program of faces
a plot of faces is created on the graphics device, no numerical results
version 12/2003
H. P. Wolf
Chernoff, H. (1973): The use of faces to represent statistiscal assoziation, JASA, 68, pp 361–368. The smooth curves are computed by an algorithm found in Ralston, A. and Rabinowitz, P. (1985): A first course in numerical analysis, McGraw-Hill, pp 76ff. http://www.wiwi.uni-bielefeld.de/~wolf/ : S/R - functions : faces
—
##---- Should be DIRECTLY executable !! ----
##-- ==> Define data, use random,
##-- or do help(data=index) for the standard data sets.
faces(rbind(1:3,5:3,3:5,5:7))
data(longley)
faces(longley[1:9,])
set.seed(17)
faces(matrix(sample(1:1000,128,),16,8),main="random faces")
## The function is currently defined as
function(xy=rbind(1:3,5:3,3:5,5:7),which.row,fill=FALSE,nrow,ncol,
scale=TRUE,byrow=FALSE,main,labels){
spline<-function(a,y,m=200,plot=FALSE){
n<-length(a)
h<-diff(a)
dy<-diff(y)
sigma<-dy/h
lambda<-h[-1]/(hh<-h[-1]+h[-length(h)])
mu<-1-lambda
d<-6*diff(sigma)/hh
tri.mat<-2*diag(n-2)
tri.mat[2+ (0:(n-4))*(n-1)] <-mu[-1]
tri.mat[ (1:(n-3))*(n-1)] <-lambda[-(n-2)]
M<-c(0,solve(tri.mat)%*%d,0)
x<-seq(from=a[1],to=a[n],length=m)
anz.kl <- hist(x,breaks=a,plot=FALSE)$counts
adj<-function(i) i-1
i<-rep(1:(n-1),anz.kl)+1
S.x<- M[i-1]*(a[i]-x )^3 / (6*h[adj(i)]) +
M[i] *(x -a[i-1])^3 / (6*h[adj(i)]) +
(y[i-1] - M[i-1]*h[adj(i)]^2 /6) * (a[i]-x)/ h[adj(i)] +
(y[i] - M[i] *h[adj(i)]^2 /6) * (x-a[i-1]) / h[adj(i)]
if(plot){ plot(x,S.x,type="l"); points(a,y) }
return(cbind(x,S.x))
}
n.char<-15
xy<-rbind(xy)
if(byrow) xy<-t(xy)
if(!missing(which.row)&& all( !is.na(match(which.row,1:dim(xy)[2])) ))
xy<-xy[,which.row,drop=FALSE]
mm<-dim(xy)[2]; n<-dim(xy)[1]
xnames<-dimnames(xy)[[1]]
if(is.null(xnames)) xnames<-as.character(1:n)
if(!missing(labels)) xnames<-labels
if(scale){
xy<-apply(xy,2,function(x){
x<-x-min(x); x<-if(max(x)>0) 2*x/max(x)-1 else x })
} else xy[]<-pmin(pmax(-1,xy),1)
xy<-rbind(xy);n.c<-dim(xy)[2]
xy<-xy[,(h<-rep(1:mm,ceiling(n.char/mm))),drop=FALSE]
if(fill) xy[,-(1:n.c)]<-0
face.orig<-list(
eye =rbind(c(12,0),c(19,8),c(30,8),c(37,0),c(30,-8),c(19,-8),c(12,0))
,iris =rbind(c(20,0),c(24,4),c(29,0),c(24,-5),c(20,0))
,lipso=rbind(c(0,-47),c( 7,-49),lipsiend=c( 16,-53),c( 7,-60),c(0,-62))
,lipsi=rbind(c(7,-54),c(0,-54)) # add lipsiend
,nose =rbind(c(0,-6),c(3,-16),c(6,-30),c(0,-31))
,shape =rbind(c(0,44),c(29,40),c(51,22),hairend=c(54,11),earsta=c(52,-4),
earend=c(46,-36),c(38,-61),c(25,-83),c(0,-89))
,ear =rbind(c(60,-11),c(57,-30)) # add earsta,earend
,hair =rbind(hair1=c(72,12),hair2=c(64,50),c(36,74),c(0,79)) # add hairend
)
lipso.refl.ind<-4:1
lipsi.refl.ind<-1
nose.refl.ind<-3:1
hair.refl.ind<-3:1
shape.refl.ind<-8:1
shape.xnotnull<-2:8
nose.xnotnull<-2:3
nr<-n^0.5; nc<-n^0.5
if(!missing(nrow)) nr<-nrow
if(!missing(ncol)) nc<-ncol
opar<-par(mfrow=c(ceiling(c(nr,nc))),oma=rep(6,4), mar=rep(.7,4))
on.exit(par(opar))
for(ind in 1:n){
factors<-xy[ind,]
face <- face.orig
m<-mean(face$lipso[,2])
face$lipso[,2]<-m+(face$lipso[,2]-m)*(1+0.7*factors[4])
face$lipsi[,2]<-m+(face$lipsi[,2]-m)*(1+0.7*factors[4])
face$lipso[,1]<-face$lipso[,1]*(1+0.7*factors[5])
face$lipsi[,1]<-face$lipsi[,1]*(1+0.7*factors[5])
face$lipso["lipsiend",2]<-face$lipso["lipsiend",2]+20*factors[6]
m<-mean(face$eye[,2])
face$eye[,2] <-m+(face$eye[,2] -m)*(1+0.7*factors[7])
face$iris[,2]<-m+(face$iris[,2]-m)*(1+0.7*factors[7])
m<-mean(face$eye[,1])
face$eye[,1] <-m+(face$eye[,1] -m)*(1+0.7*factors[8])
face$iris[,1]<-m+(face$iris[,1]-m)*(1+0.7*factors[8])
m<-min(face$hair[,2])
face$hair[,2]<-m+(face$hair[,2]-m)*(1+0.2*factors[9])
m<-0
face$hair[,1]<-m+(face$hair[,1]-m)*(1+0.2*factors[10])
m<-0
face$hair[c("hair1","hair2"),2]<-face$hair[c("hair1","hair2"),2]+50*factors[11]
m<-mean(face$nose[,2])
face$nose[,2]<-m+(face$nose[,2]-m)*(1+0.7*factors[12])
face$nose[nose.xnotnull,1]<-face$nose[nose.xnotnull,1]*(1+factors[13])
m<-mean(face$shape[c("earsta","earend"),1])
face$ear[,1]<-m+(face$ear[,1]-m)* (1+0.7*factors[14])
m<-min(face$ear[,2])
face$ear[,2]<-m+(face$ear[,2]-m)* (1+0.7*factors[15])
face<-lapply(face,function(x){ x[,2]<-x[,2]*(1+0.2*factors[1]);x})
face<-lapply(face,function(x){ x[,1]<-x[,1]*(1+0.2*factors[2]);x})
face<-lapply(face,function(x){ x[,1]<-ifelse(x[,1]>0,
ifelse(x[,2] > -30, x[,1],
pmax(0,x[,1]+(x[,2]+50)*0.2*sin(1.5*(-factors[3])))),0);x})
invert<-function(x) cbind(-x[,1],x[,2])
face.obj<-list(
eyer=face$eye
,eyel=invert(face$eye)
,irisr=face$iris
,irisl=invert(face$iris)
,lipso=rbind(face$lipso,invert(face$lipso[lipso.refl.ind,]))
,lipsi=rbind(face$lipso["lipsiend",],face$lipsi,
invert(face$lipsi[lipsi.refl.ind,,drop=FALSE]),
invert(face$lipso["lipsiend",,drop=FALSE]))
,earr=rbind(face$shape["earsta",],face$ear,face$shape["earend",])
,earl=invert(rbind(face$shape["earsta",],face$ear,face$shape["earend",]))
,nose=rbind(face$nose,invert(face$nose[nose.refl.ind,]))
,hair=rbind(face$shape["hairend",],face$hair,invert(face$hair[hair.refl.ind,]),
invert(face$shape["hairend",,drop=FALSE]))
,shape=rbind(face$shape,invert(face$shape[shape.refl.ind,]))
)
plot(1,type="n",xlim=c(-105,105)*1.1, axes=FALSE,
ylab="",ylim=c(-105,105)*1.3)
title(xnames[ind])
for(ind in seq(face.obj)) {
x <-face.obj[[ind]][,1]; y<-face.obj[[ind]][,2]
xx<-spline(1:length(x),x,40,FALSE)[,2]
yy<-spline(1:length(y),y,40,FALSE)[,2]
lines(xx,yy)
}
}
if(!missing(main)){
par(opar);par(mfrow=c(1,1))
mtext(main, 3, 3, TRUE, 0.5)
title(main)
}
}